ABOUT THE DISEASE
Ovarian cancer is a malignant / cancerous tumor - abnormal growth of tissue that develops in ovaries. Ovaries are the reproductive organs that produce a woman`s eggs. Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women.
![Ovarian cancer Ovarian cancer](https://www.ask4healthcare.com/healthcaresolutions/images/dis/Ovarian_cancer.jpg)
SYMPTOMS
There may be no or quite vague symptoms initially. Some of the following symptoms may be associated with this disease:
- • Bloating or swelling in the belly area.
- • Abnormal menstrual cycle.
- • Lack of appetite.
- • Sudden loss or gain of weight.
- • Pain during sex.
- • Pain and pressure in the back and pelvis.
- • Indigestion, increased gas and bloating.
- • Abnormal vaginal bleeding.
DIAGNOSIS
- Physical examination, including a pelvic examination
- Pelvic ultrasound/CT/MRI
- CA-125, Blood chemistry
- Pelvic laparoscopy followed by a biopsy
CAUSES
There are no known causes of ovarian cancer. However, below are some of the risk factors for ovarian cancer:
• Age - more prevalent in women above the age of 50.
• Personal or family history of endometrial, colon, or breast cancer and a family history of ovarian cancer.
• Women with the BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes are at a very high risk of getting ovarian cancer.
• The use of fertility medications may increase the risk of getting ovarian cancer.
• Late menopause (after age 50).
• Women with no pregnancies
TREATMENT METHODS
The treatment plan includes a surgery to remove the diseased tissue followed by chemotherapy. Depending on the stage and grade of cancer, it can be:
• Oopherectomy - A surgery where one or both of the ovaries are removed.
• Total abdominal hysterectomy- This surgery removes both ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, the uterus and nearby lymph glands.
• Chemotherapy may be used after surgery to prevent the cancer from spreading. Radiation therapy may also be given.
You may also like to learn about:
Cancer Endometrium
Menopause
Ovarian cysts
Cervical cancer
Polycystic ovarian disease
Dyspareunia